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HVAC System Design

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New York City, the Big Apple, with its five boroughs has a population of 8,008,278 and is a city with the most recognized skyline and some of the most expensive real estate in the world. With its diverse neighborhoods, pulsing with life both day and night, from Chinatown to Little Italy up to the Bronx, it is the city that never sleeps. The City, as the locals call it, is comprised of 5 boroughs; Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island, Manhattan and the Bronx.


 Manhattan Night Skyline - West Side
 Manhattan Night Skyline - West Side

325 Spring St.

The building at 325 Spring St. is located in the West Village in the borough of Manhattan.

The client, ImClone, has leased the building, constructed in the 1940’s in order to renovate the existing space into laboratory and office space. The building is owned by the United Parcel Service (UPS) and the southern portion of the building has been leased by ImClone. The existing facility resides on a four city-block site stretching approximately 1,000 feet from south to north, spanning between Spring St. to the south and West Houston St. to the north. The approximately 160 foot west to east span of the building occurs between Washington St. and Greenwich St.

The adjacent neighborhood, although historic in locations, has been growing in recent years, with a focus on residential and small commercial buildings. A revitalization of the area is taking place, which should ensure the facility will be surrounded by a vibrant, viable neighborhood.

The majority of the exterior walls at grade level (first floor) consist of overhead doors for UPS truck access and will remain in use by UPS. ImClone will occupy a portion of the first floor and all of the second, third and fourth floors with office and laboratory space. The penthouse level is being reserved for the mechanical and electrical equipment.

Existing building site in relation to city grid

Each ASHRAE student team should select the best building HVAC system to serve the laboratory and office spaces at 325 Spring St. For the purposes of the ASHRAE Student Design Competition, each team should assume that the HVAC, including the truck garage exhaust and make-up air systems serving the UPS space is existing and does not impact ImClone's space.


Exhibits

HVAC System Design section
Refer to HVAC System Design section for design assumptions to be used for both the System Selection and System Design.

Exhibit 1A-LEED Green Building Rating System Version 2.2
Refer to Exhibit 1A-LEED Green Building Rating System Version 2.2 for the office portions of the building: https://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=1095

Exhibit 1B-EPA LABS 21 Version 2.1
Refer to Exhibit 1B-EPA LABS 21 Version 2.1 for the laboratory portions of the project: http://www.labs21century.gov/toolkit/index.htm

Exhibit 2
Refer to Exhibit 2 for the HVAC System Selection Reference

Exhibit 3, 4 and 5
Refer to Exhibit 3, 4 and 5 for the ASHRAE Standards 62, 55 and 90.1

Exhibit 6
CAD Drawings for Exhibit 6 in .dwg format
CAD Drawings for Exhibit 6 in .pdf format
Refer to Exhibit 6 for the reference architectural drawings for the Phase I renovation of 325 Spring St. ASHRAE will provide the design team the floor plans for the new Phase I building showing the intent of the architectural design and floor areas necessary for computing heating and cooling load calculations. Use the provided program descriptions for Phase II to provide modular planning in Phase I to the greatest extent practicable.

Exhibit 7
Refer to Download file Exhibit 7 for Basis of Design Information.

The HVAC system design project will be to provide heating, ventilation and air conditioning for the Phase I renovation to 325 Spring St. The intent of the HVAC design is to provide a functional, economical and environmentally sensitive and sustainable design that will provide for the needs of the building occupants now and over a 20 year life cycle. The reference drawings for the Phase I renovation, Exhibit 6, will give the design team the floor plans for the existing building showing the intent of the architectural design and floor areas. The Basis of Design information provided in Exhibit 7 will give the design team further necessary background information. The detailed design shall include all exhaust air, makeup air, supply air and return air distribution systems, fans, air handling units, cooling towers or closed loop fluid coolers, VAV/CAV terminal units, heating equipment, cooling equipment, hydronic piping and building automation and controls systems. The appropriate level of control shall be provided for the laboratory and office spaces. Use of multiple chases/duct risers up through the building is encouraged to provide the large volumes of makeup and exhaust required in a lab building.

The Design Team can use the heating and cooling loads and system selection from the System Selection Team or perform its own load calculation and analysis to select the system deemed appropriate for this project. The HVAC equipment should be coordinated with the space needs and with the architectural plans provided by ASHRAE in Exhibit 6. It is suggested that the Design Team work together with a local consulting engineer as mentor on this project. Your local ASHRAE chapter will support you in this endeavor by providing willing mentors from its ranks in the consulting community to assist you, at your request.


HVAC System Design Judging Criteria

The evaluation of projects in this category will be based on the following criteria:

     

  • Life Cycle Cost (20 %)

  • The team will estimate the operating, maintenance and first costs for the system. This will include energy costs, operating manpower costs, maintenance manpower and material/equipment costs, as well as first cost for construction. A 20 year lifecycle cost will be determined for the system design.

     

     

  • Green Building Design (20 %)

  • The team will minimize impact of the HVAC system on the environment and optimize indoor air quality for the occupants through the use of sustainable design strategies and criteria as contained in the LEED Green Building Rating System Version 2.2, and the EPA's Labs21 Version 2.1, Reference 1A and 1B. The design must meet the prerequisites in the Energy and Atmosphere category and Indoor Environmental Quality Category -10 points. Five additional points will be given, after satisfying the aforementioned 10 point minimum, for each additional LEED or Labs21 credit obtained in either of the Energy and Atmosphere category and Indoor Environmental Quality Categories up to maximum of 10 additional points, or 20 points total in this category.

     

     

  • Creativity (30 %)

  • How creatively and successfully the HVAC design meets the project objectives.

     

     

  • Communication of Results (30 %)

  • How well the team communicates the design intent and results through the written report and the design drawings.

     

The submission must achieve at least 50 % total in the judging criteria to be considered.


Design Assumptions

The Design Team shall use the following assumptions:

     

  1. Utilities are available on site including Natural Gas (5 psig from street), Electrical Power (480V/3 phase, 208V/3 phase, 208/1 phase and 120/1 phase), Chilled Water (42/54), High Pressure Steam(125PSIG), City Water (80 psig), and City Sewer. Assume capacities of these utilities are adequate to support your design.
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  3. Utilities Rate Structure (in $ US):

    Natural Gas- $7.00/MMBTU
    Electricity- $.12/kWh
    Water- $.002/gal.
    Sewer- $.003/gal.
    High Pressure Steam - $21.00/1000 lbs
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  5. Interest Rate: 6%
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  7. Escalation Rate: 5%
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  9. Window Data: Double glazed, fixed windows, aluminum frame with thermal break, 1/2" air space, low e coating on third surface, clear glass having U-value of 0.43 and SHGF of 0.63.
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  11. Exterior Wall Data: Masonry mass wall construction consisting of 4" face brick, 1/2" air space, 12" masonry (brick or concrete), 2" rigid insulation, 3.5" metal stud/R11 batt insulation, 1/2"drywall.

    Metal panel walls – factory foamed metal sandwich panel with 2" cellular polyisocyanurate insulation
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  13. Roof Data: Roof Data: Insulation entirely above deck consisting of 4" lightweight concrete deck, 3" cellular polyisocyanurate insulation, and white, rubber roof membrane
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  15. Floor Data: Refer to Exhibit 6 Drawings.
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  17. Interior Lighting: Refer to Exhibit 7 Basis of Design.
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  19. Interior convenience power density: Refer to Exhibit 7 Basis of Design.
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  21. Interior occupant density: Refer to Exhibit 7 Basis of Design.
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  23. Interior Design Conditions: Specific to each type of space. Refer to Exhibit 7 Basis of Design.
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  25. Outdoor Design Conditions : Refer to Exhibit 7 Basis of Design.
  26.  

Deliverable will be report no more than 45 pages, according to the following format and including:

Section 1.0- Executive Summary
Section 2.0- Existing Conditions
Section 3.0- Design Analysis
Section 4.0- Cost Estimate
Section 5.0- Economic Analysis
Section 6.0- Conclusions and Recommendations
Appendices- to include Drawings in reduced format (11” x 17”), Schematics, Equipment Data, Schedules, Life Cycle Cost Analysis, Cost Estimate, Heating and Cooling Load Calculations

Required technical information to be included in the report:

     

  • Mechanical floor plans showing all major mechanical equipment, ductwork, HVAC piping sizes on the drawing including terminal units, diffusers, grilles, registers, thermostats/humidistats. Duct drawings can be single line.
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  • Installation details and schematic diagrams including controls, list of symbols/abbreviations included on drawings.
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  • Schedule on drawings for major mechanical equipment; fans, pumps, air handlers, fin tube radiation, unit heaters, fan coil units, VAV boxes, CAV boxes, heat exchangers, etc.
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  • Life Cycle spreadsheet.
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  • Cost Estimate spreadsheet.
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  • Heating and Cooling Load Calculation.
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Copyright ©2009, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

 

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